Fig. 6

CX3CR1+ T cells remain elevated and activated in treatment-resistent RA. a Comparative analysis of peripheral blood CX3CR1+ CD4+ T cells and CX3CR1+ CD8+ T cells in D2T RA, non-D2T RA, and HC. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test. b Heatmap showing correlations between clinical indicators and CX3CR1+ CD4+ T cells, CX3CR1+ CD8+ T cells in D2T RA patients. Spearman's correlation analysis. c Comparative analysis of activation markers (PD-1, CD38, CD25, HLA-DR) and phosphorylated STAT1 in CX3CR1+ T cells between D2T RA (n = 6) and non-D2T RA (n = 6) patients. t test